Today, Talos is publishing a glimpse into the most prevalent threats we've observed between April 17 and April 24. As with previous roundups, this post isn't meant to be an in-depth analysis. Instead, this post will summarize the threats we've observed by highlighting key behavioral characteristics, indicators of compromise, and discussing how our customers are automatically protected from these threats.
As a reminder, the information provided for the following threats in this post is non-exhaustive and current as of the date of publication. Additionally, please keep in mind that IOC searching is only one part of threat hunting. Spotting a single IOC does not necessarily indicate maliciousness. Detection and coverage for the following threats is subject to updates, pending additional threat or vulnerability analysis. For the most current information, please refer to your Firepower Management Center, Snort.org, or ClamAV.net.
For each threat described below, this blog post only lists 25 of the associated file hashes and up to 25 IOCs for each category. An accompanying JSON file can be found here that includes the complete list of file hashes, as well as all other IOCs from this post. A visual depiction of the MITRE ATT&CK techniques associated with each threat is also shown. In these images, the brightness of the technique indicates how prevalent it is across all threat files where dynamic analysis was conducted. There are five distinct shades that are used, with the darkest indicating that no files exhibited technique behavior and the brightest indicating that technique behavior was observed from 75 percent or more of the files.
The most prevalent threats highlighted in this roundup are:
Threat Name
Type
Description
Win.Dropper.Remcos-7679052-0
Dropper
Remcos is a remote access trojan (RAT) that allows attackers to execute commands on the infected host, log keystrokes, interact with a webcam and capture screenshots. This malware is commonly delivered through Microsoft Office documents with macros, sent as attachments on malicious emails.
Win.Malware.Tofsee-7669471-1
Malware
Tofsee is multi-purpose malware that features a number of modules used to carry out various activities such as sending spam messages, conducting click fraud, mining cryptocurrency, and more. Infected systems become part of the Tofsee spam botnet and are used to send large volumes of spam messages in an effort to infect additional systems and increase the overall size of the botnet under the operator's control.
Win.Downloader.Kuluoz-7669589-0
Downloader
Kuluoz, sometimes known as "Asprox," is a modular remote access trojan that is also known to download and execute follow-on malware, such as fake antivirus software. Kuluoz is often delivered via spam emails pretending to be shipment delivery notifications or flight booking confirmations.
Win.Worm.Vobfus-7670123-0
Worm
Vobfus is a worm that copies itself to external drives and attempts to gain automatic code execution via autorun.inf files. It also modifies the registry so that it will launch when the system is booted. Once installed, it attempts to download follow-on malware from its command and control (C2) servers.
Win.Dropper.Gh0stRAT-7670607-0
Dropper
Gh0stRAT is a well-known family of remote access trojans designed to provide an attacker with complete control over an infected system. Capabilities include monitoring keystrokes, collecting video footage from the webcam, and uploading/executing follow-on malware. The source code for Gh0stRAT has been publicly available on the Internet for years, significantly lowering the barrier for actors to modify and reuse the code in new attacks.
Win.Dropper.Zusy-7670542-0
Dropper
Zusy, also known as TinyBanker or Tinba, is a trojan that uses man-in-the-middle attacks to steal banking information. When executed, it injects itself into legitimate Windows processes such as "explorer.exe" and "winver.exe." When the user accesses a banking website, it displays a form to trick the user into submitting personal information.
Win.Packed.Fareit-7671044-1
Packed
The Fareit trojan is primarily an information stealer with the ability to download and install other malware.
Win.Dropper.Cerber-7674458-0
Dropper
Cerber is ransomware that encrypts documents, photos, databases and other important files. Historically, this malware would replace files with encrypted versions and add the file extension ".cerber." In more recent campaigns, other file extensions are used.
Threat Breakdown
Win.Dropper.Remcos-7679052-0
Indicators of Compromise
IOCs collected from dynamic analysis of 18 samples
Registry Keys
Occurrences
<HKCU>\SOFTWARE\CR
18
<HKCU>\SOFTWARE\CR
Value Name: d
18
<HKCU>\SOFTWARE\0R1BCD6$27XRC0X-I6GUY2
16
<HKCU>\SOFTWARE\0R1BCD6$27XRC0X-I6GUY2
Value Name: licence
16
<HKCU>\SOFTWARE\0R1BCD6$27XRC0X-I6GUY2
Value Name: exepath
16
<HKCU>\SOFTWARE\RTA
16
<HKCU>\SOFTWARE\RTA
Value Name: pid
16
<HKCR>\LOCAL SETTINGS\MUICACHE\\52C64B7E
Value Name: LanguageList
1
Mutexes
Occurrences
7BmKnW0JUV99OHo4kyukabIU
18
Remcos_Mutex_Inj
16
0R1Bcd6$27xrC0x-I6GUY2
16
A16467FA-7343A2EC-6F235135-4B9A74AC-F1DC8406A
10
Global\1cdfa521-84b4-11ea-a007-00501e3ae7b5
1
Global\1b54bf61-84b4-11ea-a007-00501e3ae7b5
1
IP Addresses contacted by malware. Does not indicate maliciousness
Occurrences
72[.]21[.]91[.]29
18
117[.]28[.]245[.]92
18
52[.]15[.]61[.]57
16
104[.]129[.]67[.]170
12
204[.]79[.]197[.]200
10
104[.]129[.]67[.]169
6
13[.]107[.]21[.]200
5
54[.]243[.]186[.]202
2
54[.]225[.]66[.]103
2
107[.]22[.]172[.]165
2
54[.]225[.]71[.]235
1
23[.]21[.]213[.]140
1
54[.]225[.]179[.]85
1
50[.]16[.]234[.]229
1
Domain Names contacted by malware. Does not indicate maliciousness
Exploit Prevention Cisco AMP for Endpoints protects users from a variety of malware functions with exploit prevention. Exploit prevention helps users defend endpoints from memory attacks commonly used by obfuscated malware and exploits. These exploits use certain features to bypass typical anti-virus software, but were blocked by AMP thanks to its advanced scanning capabilities, even protecting against zero-day vulnerabilities.
Excessively long PowerShell command detected - (13596)
A PowerShell command with a very long command line argument that may indicate an obfuscated script has been detected. PowerShell is an extensible Windows scripting language present on all versions of Windows. Malware authors use PowerShell in an attempt to evade security software or other monitoring that is not tuned to detect PowerShell based threats.
Dealply adware detected - (5733)
DealPly is adware, which claims to improve your online shopping experience. It is often bundled into other legitimate installers and is difficult to uninstall. It creates pop-up advertisements and injects advertisements on webpages. Adware has also been known to download and install malware.
CVE-2019-0708 detected - (3240)
An attempt to exploit CVE-2019-0708 has been detected. The vulnerability, dubbed BlueKeep, is a heap memory corruption which can be triggered by sending a specially crafted Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) request. Since this vulnerability can be triggered without authentication and allows remote code execution, it can be used by worms to spread automatically without human interaction.
Process hollowing detected - (1221)
Process hollowing is a technique used by some programs to avoid static analysis. In typical usage, a process is started and its obfuscated or encrypted contents are unpacked into memory. The parent then manually sets up the first stages of launching a child process, but before launching it, the memory is cleared and filled in with the memory from the parent instead.
Kovter injection detected - (131)
A process was injected into, most likely by an existing Kovter infection. Kovter is a click fraud Trojan that can also act as an information stealer. Kovter is also file-less malware meaning the malicious DLL is stored inside Windows registry and injected directly into memory using PowerShell. It can detect and report the usage of monitoring software such as wireshark and sandboxes to its C2. It spreads through malicious advertising and spam campaigns.
Gamarue malware detected - (116)
Gamarue is a family of malware that can download files and steal information from an infected system. Worm variants of the Gamarue family may spread by infecting USB drives or portable hard disks that have been plugged into a compromised system.
Reverse http payload detected - (33)
An exploit payload intended to connect back to an attacker controlled host using http has been detected.
Installcore adware detected - (31)
Install core is an installer which bundles legitimate applications with offers for additional third-party applications that may be unwanted. The unwanted applications are often adware that display advertising in the form of popups or by injecting into browsers and adding or altering advertisements on webpages. Adware is known to sometimes download and install malware.
Atom Bombing code injection technique detected - (30)
A process created a suspicious Atom, which is indicative of a known process injection technique called Atom Bombing. Atoms are Windows identifiers that associate a string with a 16-bit integer. These Atoms are accessible across processes when placed in the global Atom table. Malware exploits this by placing shell code as a global Atom, then accessing it through an Asynchronous Process Call (APC). A target process runs the APC function, which loads and runs the shellcode. The
malware family Dridex is known to use Atom Bombing, but other threats may leverage it as well.
Special Search Offer adware - (30)
Special Search Offer adware displays unwanted advertising in the form of popups or by injecting into browsers and altering advertisements on webpages. Adware has also been known to download and install malware.
